{"content":{"sharePage":{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"28988997","dateCreated":"1287964797","smartDate":"Oct 24, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"maaayyyaaa","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/maaayyyaaa","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1222817730\/maaayyyaaa-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28988997"},"dateDigested":1531973796,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"At Lake Scugog","description":"Psychological realism is a literary technique in which the emphasis is put on the thoughts, motives, and desires of the characters rather than the actions themselves. There is a focus on internal action rather than external. Psychological realism is the why of the characters rather than the what.
\n
\nThe poem \u201cAt Lake Scugog\u201d by Troy Jollimore is an example of such a work. It goes like this:
\n
\n1.
\nWhere what I see comes to rest,
\nat the edge of the lake,
\nagainst what I think I see
\n
\nand, up on the bank, who I am
\nmaintains an uneasy truce
\nwith who I fear I am,
\n
\nwhile in the cabin\u2019s shade the gap between
\nthe words I said
\nand those I remember saying
\n
\nis just wide enough to contain
\nthe remains that remain
\nof what I assumed I knew.
\n
\n2.
\nOut in the canoe, the person I thought you were
\ngingerly trades spots
\nwith the person you are
\n
\nand what I believe I believe
\nsits uncomfortably next to
\nwhat I believe.
\n
\nWhen I promised I will always give you
\nwhat I want you to want,
\nyou heard, or desired to hear,
\n
\nsomething else. As, over and in the lake,
\nthe cormorant and its image
\ntraced paths through the sky.
\nThis poem explores humans and our insecurities, our uncertainties, our biased nature. There is no focus on any direct action; we don\u2019t know if the character is actually out on a boat. But metaphors and personifications are abundant, and this constitutes the action in the poem.
\n
\nIn essence, this poem is the question \u201cWhat is reality?\u201d but rewritten in a beautiful manner. There is an ambiguity here, a certain vagueness between what is true and what is made up. \u201c[W]ho I am\/maintains an uneasy truce\/with who I fear I am\u2026 [T]he person I thought you were\/gingerly trades spots\/with the person you are\u2026 [W]hat I believe I believe\/sits uncomfortably next to\/what I believe.\u201d With words like uneasy, gingerly, and uncomfortably, the author enforces the idea that what we WANT to be true is not the same as what IS true. In the poem, \u201cthe person I thought you were\u201d and \u201cthe person you are\u201d are sitting next to each other in the canoe and switching places. The close physical proximity between these two \u201ccharacters\u201d further emphasizes the uncertainty of truth.
\n
\n\u201cThe uncertainty of truth\u201d is a rather oxymoronic phrase. But this is exactly what the poem encompasses. What makes up truth? Our desires, our memories, our moods? The way we view ourselves or the way others view us? The author asserts that all of these are part of the truth. In the poem, all these different characters are constantly moving around and switching places and sitting next to each other. All these different aspects of truth are in constant interaction.
\n
\nJollimore also identifies the human tendency to manipulate the truth. He writes, \u201cWhen I promised I will always give you\/what I want you to want,\/you heard, or desired to hear,\/
\nsomething else.\u201d Oftentimes we only hear what we want to hear, only see what we want to see, and only believe what we want to believe. Lastly, he finishes the poem with: \u201c[T]he cormorant and its image\/traced paths through the sky.\u201d Something as simple and concrete as a bird flying through the sky cannot possibly have a vagueness or ambiguity to it. Here, however, it is not just the bird; both cormorant and its image are flying through the sky. Which is which? Is there a difference?
\n
\n
\n
\nSorry for the lateness, Mr. Webster- AASCA.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29047079","body":"Really well done, Maya,
\n
\nThanks,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288043350","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28985041","dateCreated":"1287958923","smartDate":"Oct 24, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"caro3arias","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/caro3arias","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28985041"},"dateDigested":1531973797,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"The Little Friend","description":"A physiological novel is a piece of literature that concentrates more on interior characterization than external action. It is more about motives and circumstances and involves some stream of consciousness and internal monologue. The physiological novel illustrates how the human being thinks.
\n
\nThe Little Friend by Donna Tartt is a psychological novel about a 12-year old girl called Catherine living in Mississippi. The one defining moment of Catherine\u2019s life is the murder of her older brother when she was a baby. This murder affects her life profoundly but she was so young she can barely remember it. Her major motivation for almost everything she does is to discover who her brother\u2019s murderer is.
\n
\n The first psychological description occurs after Robin\u2019s death. His mother blames herself for it because \u201cshe had decided to have the Mother\u2019s Day dinner at six in the evening instead of noon, after church, which is when the Cleve\u2019s usually had it\u201d. Later, under the influence of painkillers, she wonders why she wasn\u2019t there to save her son from the assassin. \u201cHas he called for her? Had he suffered?\u201d. This woman in despair illustrates humans\u2019 instinct to blame themselves for things that just aren\u2019t their fault. For the rest of her life she wondered why she didn\u2019t protect her son even though, as the murder was committed, she had no idea her son was in pain.
\n
\nThe next psychological description is of Allison, Catherine\u2019s older sister. She lives through life in a waking coma. She watched her brother get murdered and it severely affected her. \u201cShe had lain awake sometimes after everyone had gone to sleep, staring at the jungle of shadows on the bedroom ceiling and casting her mind back as far as she was able, but searching was useless, there was nothing to find\u2026 she invariably reached a point where the yard was empty, the house echoing and abandoned\u201d. This shows how the human mind can block out disturbing scenes in some type of freakish protection. Unfortunately, this can cause people to doubt themselves and wonder why they can\u2019t remember certain episodes.
\n
\nCatherine, the main character, obsesses over historical artifacts. Her family thinks this is a cute hobby but the author shows that it is much more than that: \u201cThough Tat shared Harriet\u2019s interest in the buried city, she did not understand why Harriet\u2019s fascination extended to even the lowliest and least dramatic aspects of ruin. Certainly she did not understand that Harriet\u2019s obsession with fragments had to do with her family\u2019s history\u201d. No one will answer Harriet\u2019s question about her dead brother, therefore Harriet develops an unhealthy idea that she will solve the mystery on her own, leading her to many dangers. By trying to snuff out her curiosity, the family actually increases it because Harriet wants to know why a shroud of mystery has been drawn around his death. Therefore, her major goal in life is to discover who murdered her brother.
\n
\nThe Little Friend is a psychological novel because it demonstrates various people and their individual mind sets. This way, the author paints a portrait of how the human mind works and handles disturbing events.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29047047","body":"Thanks Carolina,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288043312","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28933929","dateCreated":"1287779984","smartDate":"Oct 22, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"MaFe1595","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/MaFe1595","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28933929"},"dateDigested":1531973797,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Psychological Novel","description":"A psychological novel is a novel that portrays a character. A character may be portrayed through several different techniques such as stream line of consciousness, interior monologue, or through interactions with other people. Henry James is a well-known author that uses this type of writing. One of his most famous short stories is Daisy Miller. Daisy Miller is a young American flirt, which is the focus of the story. Henry James characterizes this girl through a narrator and through Winterbourne. We see her interact with other characters throughout the short story. \u201cBut Daisy, on this occasion, continued to present herself as an inscrutable combination of audacity and innocence.\u201d This is the narrator\u2019s point of view on Daisy. This is a straightforward description of her. Then, we have Daisy being portrayed through Winterbourne. Winterbourne spends a lot of time studying her, trying to figure her out. We know about the type of flirt that Daisy is and just her both physically and psychologically. At the same time, it is presented in the short story when Daisy interacts with people. For example, we see the flirt that she is when she talks to Winterbourne the first time they meet at the hotel. We may also infer that she is a bit ignorant. When she interacts with Mrs. Costello, she is disrespectful to her because she answers back in an informal way and she refuses to get in the car with her. Also, she doesn\u2019t realize the importance of the Chateau de Chillion, an instead calls it an old castle. Us readers have to make inferences based on what is presented to us. We can infer she isn\u2019t very proper because she ignores the society rules. We see her in Rome with a man that she barely knows, late at night, without a chaperone. This makes her look bad in her society. She isn\u2019t proper when talking to Mrs. Costello and she likes to go against the rules. She asked Winterbourne to take her on a boat, but when she gets permission she decides not to. This shows that she likes to go against the rules because she only wanted to go when she didn\u2019t have permission but when they let her, she turned Winterbourne down, which shows that she also plays with him a bit. Also, Winterbourne\u2019s aunt speaks badly of her and doesn\u2019t want Winterbourne to be around her.
\n
\n The story doesn\u2019t only portray Daisy Miller, but we can also get into Winterbourne\u2019s psychological aspect. We see how he thinks through a third person narrating his thoughts and his experiences and him analyzing Daisy. We see him fall in love with her, based on his almost obsession to analyze her. He doesn\u2019t forget about her and goes to Rome as he promises. He also cares about her because he gives her advice and tells her not to got Rome. In the story, it never states that he has romantic feelings for her, or that he cares about her, but us readers can infer that.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046957","body":"Original MaFe,
\n
\nThanks,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288043233","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28933907","dateCreated":"1287779959","smartDate":"Oct 22, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"danielx_184","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/danielx_184","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28933907"},"dateDigested":1531973797,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"The Pursuit of Happyness","description":"According to Encyclopedia Britannica a psychological work (in literature) is defined as \u201c{a} work of fiction in which the thoughts, feelings, and motivations of the characters are of equal or greater interest than is the external action of the narrative.\u201d They are texts that give an emphasis to the characters and how they might appreciate different circumstances rather than the circumstances themselves. Chris Gardner\u2019s autobiographical book The Pursuit of Happyness would fall into this category.
\nGardner\u2019s autobiography recounts some branding events such as his childhood in Milwaukee, Wisconsin or the time he spent with his toddler-son Christopher living as homeless. The book follows a very sequential timeline; however the author also indents certain flashbacks to other moments of his life making some of the events unexpected or unconnected. In the end though they build towards the main goal on the book which is to prove that one can indeed succeed even if they are on the worst situations; as stated in the Declaration of Independence we can pursuit our own happiness.
\nFrom the first part of the book there is an encounter with the narrator, who is also the main character, and we see his persistence in his goal; someone who is out there on his own but willing to make a good life for himself and those around him. For instance the end of the first part of the book says \u201cFor the first eighteen years of my life, I\u2019d guided myself without a father, believing that my fundamental responsibility was to protect my mother\u201d he later on says that he failed at doing this but yet he would \u201cgo on with the pursuit of happiness that was all my momma ever wanted for me\u201d
\nGardner does not seem to pay as much attention to the events as he does to how they shaped him. He tends to input more of his own reasoning on situations rather than give the author an obvious picture of places. For example, when his service in the navy ends he moves into San Francisco; rather than describing how or what he saw in the city he says \u201cAfter coming out of the military, where everything had been about discipline, process, order and structure, I experienced the city that celebrated individuality and nonconformity above all else as if I was actually visiting a foreign country.\u201d The author then moves on into giving an explanation on his view of the city and the life he lived opening a window to psychological scrutiny. He makes the reader focus more on what is going on in his mind that the events taking place.
\nThe author also spends lots of time explaining reasons, another characteristic of psychological novels, how the characters reasoning or given circumstances lead to future events. Gardner while staying at a homeless shelter, for instance, thinks that he ought to be successful on discovering the problems with the machines he attempts to sale or if not he will not have money to give his son Chris a better life and be a better father than his own (Gardner\u2019s biological dad abandoned them however when he talks about dad he refers to his stepdad Freddy Triplet). This incentive shown by him leads him to work hard night after night, with barely any light and lack of tools, resulting in his discovery of the problems with the machine. After this he goes on to sell them and is able to make some money, enough so that Mr. Gardner and his son can move into a decent house proving a better father; accomplishing what he set out to do.
\nThe Pursuit of Happyness is indeed more than just an autobiography; it contains some of the keys to success: persistence, dedication, love, and understanding and all of it is expressed in Christopher Gardner\u2019s reasoning.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"28934001","body":"Mr. Webster I realized that the names of books and the encyclopedia did not appear in underlined (as I originally had it in word)","dateCreated":"1287780071","smartDate":"Oct 22, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"danielx_184","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/danielx_184","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}},{"id":"29046993","body":"Thanks Daniel,
\n
\nGood job,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288043269","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28933857","dateCreated":"1287779874","smartDate":"Oct 22, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"teagvest","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/teagvest","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28933857"},"dateDigested":1531973797,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Twsisted- Psycho Novel","description":"A \u2018psychological novel\u2019 is a novel that focuses on the complex mental and emotional lives of its characters and explores the various levels of mental activity.
\n
\nTwisted by Laurie Halse Anderson is a story about a typical American high-school failure. He\u2019s vandalized the school and insulted the principle; works mandatory community service; is in love with the ultimate unattainable girl; has no social life except for a single, Star Wars-worshipping friend and jocks that beat them both up; and lives in a dysfunctional family. His name is Tyler.
\nTyler\u2019s early high school life begins with him as a good-for-nothing piece of drywall: skinny, wimpy, and ignored except for \u201call the crap [he] had endured\u2026 the wedgies, the names\u2026 mocked, teased, spit on\u201d (Anderson 152). Later it got a little bit better, he says, being elevated in title to \u201cthe Dweeb\u201d (58). \u201cGirls would look straight at [him] and never see the writhing masculine beast hidden inside [his] hundred and thirty-five pounds of veal-white man-flesh. So at the end of [his] junior year, [he] decided to do something bold. A prank that would turn [him] into a legend\u201d (9). Tyler decides to spray paint several slogans on the cafeteria wall, some praising the junior class and a few crude remarks about the manhood of the principal. Unfortunately, he dropped his wallet, the police found it and he got sentenced to community service, something he considered far better than a prison term. Through this community service, \u201cthe hard labor had turned [him] from Nerd Boy into Tyler the Amazing Hulk, with ripped muscles and enough testosterone to power a nuclear generator\u201d (2). This ensures the attention of the ultimate unattainable girl. Her name is Bethany.
\nObviously what is being demonstrated is an awkward guy. He craves attention, like all guys, and especially that of Bethany. Above all, though, he wants to be recognized as a man. This is the ultimate almost-impossible dream of all guys today. The novel is written in an excellent first-person colloquialism, which allows the reader to connect more personally with the narrator, who in this case turns out to be the main character: the typical American high school failure, Tyler. He is very vivid and explicit: the story is not stream-of-conscience, but it is told chronologically with several flash-backs. It is told through Tyler\u2019s perspective, which turns out to be a very accurate description of a teenage guy. His thoughts are uncensored. He shows the reader several emotional states, ranging from elated and bewildered to angry and depressed and suicidal. Going through his day-to-day life, his thoughts demonstrate a troubled teenager. Teenagers\u2019 minds are very, very complex, having to go through peer pressure, self-image and -doubt, and this book illustrates in an expert colloquialism.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"28933893","body":"Mr Webster- sorry, I know the title should be underlined!","dateCreated":"1287779931","smartDate":"Oct 22, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"teagvest","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/teagvest","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}},{"id":"29046925","body":"No worries Teag,
\n
\nThanks,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288043199","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28898191","dateCreated":"1287729537","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"julibarca10","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/julibarca10","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1269448814\/julibarca10-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28898191"},"dateDigested":1531973797,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Catcher In The Rye","description":"A psychological novel can be defined, as a novel in which there is a greater level of emphasis on the character\u2019s mental development and his thoughts, than on the usual external actions or events.
\n
\nAn example of a psychological novel is J.D Salinger\u2019s Catcher In The Rye. In this novel we are presented to Holden Caulfield a cynical teenager who doesn\u2019t know how to do anything but complain of how phony people are. Throughout the novel Holden\u2019s character narrates us the story giving us his opinion about every single thing that happened. For example after Ernie finishes playing the piano Holden then proceeds to say \u201cPeople always clap for the wrong things.\u201d This drives the great majority of the story, a short insignificant scene that is then interpreted by Holden\u2019s thoughts and taken to new heights. Suddenly an obscene word written at a school wall leads us to see his thoughts of how he could just kill a man and \u201csmash his head on the stone steps till he was good and goddam dead and bloody.\u201d He would do kill the man because the \u201cfuck\u201d on the wall would make older kids, tell little kids like Phoebe, what fuck meant, and therefore strip them from all their innocence. The style of writing in the story is very centered on Holden\u2019s mind too. \u201cWhat it meant, and how they'd all think about it and maybe even worry about it for a couple of days. I kept wanting to kill whoever'd written it.\u201d Throughout the whole novel the events are constantly being interrupted by short and little \u201cI kept wanting to kill him\u201d, I always found people phony, and other opinions which manage to make us stay focused on Holden\u2019s mind and always keep in touch with what he is thinking, instead of focusing on the external aspects of the story. Another aspect that encourages the psychological side of this novel is the fact that all of this happens in a very short time, less than a week, the events are very insignificant, he is kicked out, he runs away, spends a couple of days \u201cclubbing\u201d, and finally decides to go back home. By having such a short time span J.D Salinger gets more time to focus on Holden\u2019s way of being and thinking since he can create a story that feels longer just by adding more thoughts instead of more events. The most important reason, the motive why this novel is psychological is probably because of the huge morph Holden\u2019s mind goes by during the whole story. We begin seeing a very sour, cynical Holden, who keeps on getting worse and worse until he reaches a climax of cynicism he then begins to soften and soften finally arriving to the final stage in which he is with Phoebe and he is taking a new look at what life was like. Holden throughout the whole story has a mental change, a psychological evolution; first off he begins with criticisms and hating school, society, he then begins to question society and tries to find a role, an answer to why he hates all of this, just to return to a new level of acceptance. This psychological journey Holden faces is essential to the novel since the character evolves mentally and he reveals more of him and each time he comes with new depth.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046885","body":"Thanks Julian,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288043167","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28897513","dateCreated":"1287726018","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"tammy_sev","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/tammy_sev","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1285868666\/tammy_sev-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28897513"},"dateDigested":1531973798,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Catcher in the Rye","description":"A psychological novel is that one that concentrates mainly on the thoughts and feelings of the character instead of the events present in the story. It goes more in depth to the why and not the how, concentrating mainly on the reasoning and thinking of the character\u2019s actions.
\n
\n\u201cThe Catcher in the Rye\u201d by J.D. Salinger is an example of a psychological novel. The book narrates Holden\u2019s thoughts and perspective of life and people. By reading his thoughts and feelings we can make our own assumptions of Holden. Holden himself explains in a way the reasons behind his actions. In his head Holden calls almost everyone \u201cphony\u201d or superficial. An example of this is when Holden tells Spencer he had to go to the gym to get his equipment, which is a lie, he thinks, \u201cI am the most terrific liar you ever saw in you life. It\u2019s awful. If I\u2019m going on my way to the store to buy a magazine, even, and somebody asks me where I\u2019m going, I\u2019m liable to say I\u2019m going to the opera.\u201d (pg16). Holden doesn\u2019t go in depth describing how he lied to Spencer instead he says why he did it and how did it feel. He feels that it is awful how he can lie so easily, and then thinks how quickly he can do it, showing us more the \u201canalyzed\u201d version of the situations, instead of the situation itself. More ahead in the book when he is talking to Spencer he also says, \u201c \u2018Boy!\u2019 I said. I also say \u201cBoy!\u2019 quite a lot. Partly because I have a lousy vocabulary and partly because I act quite young for my age sometimes.\u201d (pg. 9). Here Holden includes a scene from what is happening out there in the \u201creal world\u201d, and then comes back to his mind so he can justify his actions. Holden, as we can see tells us more about himself from the things he does and explains, than by the actions themselves. In this book we get a sense of stream of consciousness every once in a while. Holden starts up by something he sees or remembers and goes on talking about how it made him feel and different thoughts he gets from that idea. I think that in a psychological novel stream of conscious often appears to emphasize more on the character\u2019s thought and feelings as does the novel itself. All across the story Holden gives his opinion on people and situations almost every time explaining how it makes him feel or what else it reminds him of. The way he thinks and the way he feels influence his actions through out the book. For example thinking that his school is full of phonies makes him want to escape. The way he thinks and feels influence him and this is true in psychological novels as well.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046859","body":"Thanks Tamara,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288043145","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28895277","dateCreated":"1287718818","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"helojello","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/helojello","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28895277"},"dateDigested":1531973798,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Psychological Novel","description":" A \u201cPsychological Novel\u201d is a novel in which the focus is on the character\u2019s mind instead of its actions. This is a novel in which the motivations and thoughts of the characters are explored, and not their actions.
\n \u201cThe Catcher in the Rye\u201d by J.D. Salinger is a psychological novel. It\u2019s the story of a boy, Holden Caulfield, who is a very sarcastic and cynical teenage boy, who gets in trouble a lot and sees the world as flawed and superficial. The novel focuses a lot more on Holden\u2019s thoughts, feelings, and the way he looks at life. This is also supported by the fact that he\u2019s telling all this to a psychologist.
\n \u201cWhat I was really hanging around for, I was trying to feel some kind of a good-by. I mean I've left schools and places I didn't even know I was leaving them. I hate that. I don't care if it's a sad good-by or a bad good-by, but when I leave a place I like to know I'm leaving it. If you don't, you feel even worse.\u201d J.D. Salinger isn\u2019t focusing on Holden leaving; he\u2019s focusing on Holden\u2019s feelings about leaving. He talks about why he hates not saying goodbye to places and how he feels when he doesn\u2019t, and not just the fact that he\u2019s leaving. \u201cI was half in love with her by the time we sat down. That's the thing about girls. Every time they do something pretty, even if they're not much to look at, or even if they're sort of stupid, you fall half in love with them, and then you never know where the hell you are. Girls. Jesus Christ. They can drive you crazy. They really can.\u201d Here Holden talks about his view of girls and how they can make you fall in love with them really easily. Instead of just talking about the girl who he\u2019s referring to or their situation, he talks about Holden and Holden\u2019s observations on girls and what happens with them. He shares Holden\u2019s experiences and thoughts with us, and he focuses on that a lot more than the situation at hand. \u201cAnyway, I keep picturing all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobody's around - nobody big, I mean - except me. And I'm standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff - I mean if they're running and they don't look where they're going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That's all I do all day. I'd just be the catcher in the rye and all. I know it's crazy, but that's the only thing I'd really like to be.\u201d This doesn\u2019t make the reader picture the scene as much as it makes the reader think of why Holden would picture that, why Holden would think that. Especially since this has to do with the title of the book, it makes the reader think and try to see any hidden meanings behind what is going on in Holden\u2019s head.
\n \u201cThe Catcher in the Rye\u201d shows us the mind of a troubled teenage boy whose past isn\u2019t great, and who is a little different than the average teenager. It shows the reader what you need to know about Holden to understand and interpret the story, but much more from what goes on in his mind that what he actually does.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046841","body":"Thanks Heloisa,
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\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288043127","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28894241","dateCreated":"1287716977","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"ad.ri","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/ad.ri","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1283992059\/ad.ri-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28894241"},"dateDigested":1531973798,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"The Name of the Wind","description":" A psychological novel is a work of fiction in which the thought, feeling and motivations of the character are of equal or larger interest than the external actions of the character. The emotion and internal state of the character is prompted by external events. One such novel may be \u201cThe Name of the Wind\u201d by Patrick Rothfuss. It may not be the best example of a psychological novel but it certainly has psychological content. This book is, as Wuthering Heights, a frame-based novel in which the main character is asked to relate about his life from his point of view. He is rather infamous around the world, but this personal account reveals why Kvothe, the main character, did what he did to earn this notoriety. The first narrator mentions that Kvothe is known as \u201clittle more than a red-handed killer\u201d or as Kvothe Kingkiller. Kvothe himself confesses he has \u201ckilled men and things that were than men.\u201d Yet nobody knows that \u201ceveryone of them deserved it\u201d. This novel is a novel because it compares the point of view of the public, which is gruesome and, sometimes, too superior, to the main character\u00b4s internal reasons for his actions, which are actually reasonable.
\n Many people know Kvothe for his supernatural talent playing lute. It\u2019s so over the normal standard that some people don\u2019t believe he could be that great. However, what nobody knows is that, after witnessing the death of his family, in the middle of a deserted road, he took his father\u00b4s lute and lived alone in the wilderness for a long time. Since his father had loved to play lute and was the best he\u00b4d ever heard, Kvothe would practice hour upon hour, for this was his only solace. In his spare time he would concentrate in his music, \u201cleaving no part of [him] free for remembering\u201d that awful day in which he is left alone. He obsesses so much over the lute that he even learns to play the sound of nature, and even, when two or three of the strings had broken, he continues to play endlessly, to remember his father and keep his mind away from his death. This is how he became one of the greatest musicians at such a young age, for he was only a child when this happened. When he was younger still his odd teacher teaches him ways to control his mind. He teaches how to separate his mind in two, each side believing something completely different, and he also shows him how he can think without his emotions influencing his thoughts. For this reason, Kvothe many times does heartless decisions, but people criticize him for these without knowing that he isn\u2019t letting his emotions sway his decisions to the right side. However depraved his actions are, they are justified in his account of what really happened.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046745","body":"Thanks Adrianna,
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\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288043062","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28815939","dateCreated":"1287624449","smartDate":"Oct 20, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"Ingrid89","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/Ingrid89","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1228179242\/Ingrid89-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28815939"},"dateDigested":1531973798,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Psychological novel","description":"A psychological novel is a novel or writing that focuses on the mind of the characters. It aims at revealing their inner self. Some ways to express these are by using interior monologues and stream of consciousness. This facilitates the reader to relate and understand the inner thought of the character. The relevance of this type of righting, other than to tell what happened, is to explain the motivation behind everything that happened, giving us extra context from the character`s mind.
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\nA perfect example of a psychological novel is The Catcher in the Rye, by J.D. Salinger. This book is mainly an interior monologue of 17-year-old Holden, and his mind. He flunks out of three schools, troubles with girls, troubles with his roommates, with his old teachers, with his family, and with himself. For every action Holden does, Salinger`s main objective is to show his feelings and thoughts. Throughout the story, we, as readers, get to see his point of view on everything; literally what his mind has to do in everything he does. The novel is just a plot, occurring in four days, showing the life and mind of Holden Caufield.
\nAn example of psychological writing in this novel is one night that Holden is in a taxi in New York. He and the taxi driver are having a conversation about fish, and ducks, and where they might go during the winter. Having this situation, the story passes from being an actual scene, to becoming part of Holden`s thought; therefore psychological. Salinger, using a kind of writing similar to stream of consciousness, gives us Holden`s mix of thoughts. Starting from the Central Park, and the ducks, moving to his life and him running away and finding a place to stay every time he doesn\u00b4t suit right where ever he might be. Even though all is linear, unlike stream of consciousness, it does digress from the topic from the beginning; it gives flashbacks of Holden`s life and expresses completely the feelings of the character and what occupies his mind, showing some sort of stream of consciousness. These specific flashbacks give a deeper insight of the character himself, and of his situation, without actually being a scene in the book, or at least not occurring in the four days the plot takes place in. Another example of this type would be when Holden is back at school and writes an essay for his roommate about the glove of his brother Allie. Flashbacks and memories fill Holden`s mind with just the mentioning of his brother, and we are shown the deep meaning and connection he had to hi brother. We, through his thoughts and memories, feel all the love and loneliness that Holden feels, having to live in a world without him.
\nIn this novel, since it is the mind, thoughts, and feelings of Holden Caufield written on paper, all that we mainly see are his thoughts about everything that happens. Even thought the issue might be insignificant, in his mind, Holden makes a huge deal out of it, but keeps it to himself. For instance, when Salinger writes, \u00a8When I really worry about something, I don't just fool around. I even have to go to the bathroom when I worry about something. Only, I don't go. I'm too worried to go. I don't want to interrupt my worrying to go.\u00a8 This is an example of interior monologue, since here, Holden talks to himself about how he worries when he worries and how he is a fool; all of this without putting it into actions, but instead just playing around and floating in his mind.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"28889691","body":" "The relevance of this type of righting, other than to tell what happened, is to explain the "
\nThe relevance of this type of writing..** sorry","dateCreated":"1287711353","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"Ingrid89","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/Ingrid89","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1228179242\/Ingrid89-lg.jpg"}},{"id":"29046721","body":"Thanks Ingrid,
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\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288043033","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]}],"more":true},"comments":[]},"http":{"code":200,"status":"OK"},"redirectUrl":null,"javascript":null,"notices":{"warning":[],"error":[],"info":[],"success":[]}}