{"content":{"sharePage":{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"28927975","dateCreated":"1287773015","smartDate":"Oct 22, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"eli-picado","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/eli-picado","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1283475869\/eli-picado-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28927975"},"dateDigested":1531973879,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Response to Psychological Novel","description":"Psychological Novels (also referred to as Psychological Realism) are those who focus the plot in the mental inner part of the characters and the characters themselves. This type of novel goes deeper in the minds of its characters and explores the various levels of mental activity they present. Its purpose is not only state the action, but describe how the action affects the characters; so one could say that the attention in this kind of novel is not on the events, but mostly in the feelings and reactions the characters present to these events, and those feelings provoke events at the same time. These novels are written in prose and most of them are fiction. Because of the emphasis it puts on the character\u00b4s thoughts and feelings, stream of consciousness, interior monologues and flashbacks are writing techniques often used in these novels to give a better illustration of the inner part of the characters. This kind of novel is really antique. Some of them, like Elegia di Madonna Fiammetta by Giovanni Boccaccio, can be traced as far back as the XIV century, even before the concept of Psychology was born. A more modern example that fits this novels\u00b4 description perfectly is J. D. Salinger\u00b4s, The Catcher in the Rye. This a really well written book in which the author describes the life and the situations a boy named Holden Caulfield live in New York after he is expelled from his school. There aren\u00b4t a lot of events described in this book, instead the main focus is on Holden\u00b4s thoughts and impressions of the events described, in consequence the book presents a structured, first person narrated, stream of consciousness. For example, when Holden is expelled from the school, this is the way his thoughts are describe: \u201cWhat I was really hanging around for, I was trying to feel some kind of a good-by. I mean I've left schools and places I didn't even know I was leaving them. I hate that. I don't care if it's a sad good-by or a bad good-by, but when I leave a place I like to know I'm leaving it. If you don't, you feel even worse,\u201d (Chapter 1). The attention of the narrator is not focused in the actual expulsion, but in the effects it has on Holden. Another good example of the characteristics of psychological novel present in the book is when Holden talks about lying: \u201cI'm the most terrific liar you ever saw in your life. It's awful. If I'm on my way to the store to buy a magazine, even, and somebody asks me where I'm going, I'm liable to say I'm going to the opera. It's terrible,\u201d (Chapter 3). Again, the attention of the narrator is not focused in any event, but in Holden as a character: his personality and thoughts.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046585","body":"Thanks Elizabeth,
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\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288042918","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28925287","dateCreated":"1287770581","smartDate":"Oct 22, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"ellagicacid","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/ellagicacid","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1343664898\/ellagicacid-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28925287"},"dateDigested":1531973880,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Utterly Me","description":"Pyschological Novel: Utterly Me
\nElla Nugent
\n
\nA pyschological novel is defined as "work of fiction in which the thoughts, feelings, and motivations of the characters are of equal or greater interest than is the external action of the narrative". My example of a pyschological novel is the children\u2019s book "Utterly Me" by Lauren Child. This story is told through the eyes of a young girl named Clarice Bean and she tells us about her life and the crazy and interesting things that happen. "Utterly Me\u201d is a pyschological novel because rather than telling us things that happen, we are told the inner thoughts, reactions and feelings of Clarice Bean about the events. "My family is six people, which is sometimes too many. Not always, just sometimes." (pg 2) Rather than describing her family or the things they do that annoy her, we are simply told Clarice Bean's thoughts on the number of people in her family. "\u2026I am so desperately trying not to not concentrate that I say to myself, 'Don't drift off like you did yesterday.' And then I start thinking about how I drifted off yesterday and how I was thinking I must listen to Mrs Wilberton and all the things she is telling me. And then I am wondering, how does all this stuff she is telling me fit into my head? And then I am wondering if I should have a clear out of the stuff I don't need anymore - you know, like when my dad cleared out the attic\u2026" (pg 5) This quote is an excellent example of why this book is a pyschological novel because we are not told about what is going on in the classroom, about anyone else or anything happening outside her mind, and the entire focus is what is going on inside her head. Aswell as her thoughts, there is focus on her motives in the previous paragraph when she tells us she wants to pay attention to prove her teacher, Mrs Wilberton, wrong. \u201cIt sounds utterly dreary to me\u201d (pg 13). Clarice gives us her feelings and thoughts about the book project she has been assigned when she goes on to say that she dreads it and cannot come up with a good idea. The focus is not on the book project but rather Clarice\u2019s reaction and feelings about it. \u201cUtterly Me\u201d is the perfect example of a pyschological novel because anything going on outside of Clarice\u2019s head is irrelevant and we never are told any of the other character\u2019s feelings. Anything and everything that we find out about comes directly from Clarice\u2019s thoughts and she never hesitates to show us her feelings about whatever goes on and on occasion, we are also given her motives. Although Clarice\u2019s thoughts are generally very simple and easy to understand, there is no doubt that \u201cUtterly Me\u201d is a pyschological novel.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046549","body":"Thanks,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288042878","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28911359","dateCreated":"1287758109","smartDate":"Oct 22, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"luisuarez","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/luisuarez","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1302804674\/luisuarez-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28911359"},"dateDigested":1531973880,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Psychological Novel","description":"A psychological novel is a type of novel that emphasizes on the internal characteristics of a character, rather than the externals. According to the Britannica Online Encyclopedia, a Psychological novel is one that their \u201c\u2026feelings and motivations of the characters are of equal or greater interest than is the external action of the narrative\u201d. This means that the internal \u201cmaterial\u201d of the character is what the story is based on, and therefore the actions are not important in this story. A psychological novel can also include some Stream-of-consciousness, and other types of literary techniques to accurately describe what the character has on his mind. A clear example of this method in classic literature is Catcher in the Rye. This novel, written by J.D. Salinger, has many qualities of Psychological Novel, for it involves more \u201cmind\u201d action, rather than physical action. In the Novel catcher in the Rye, there aren\u2019t a lot of important events; rather the ideas of Holden are the focus. This novel shows that the plot of the story isn\u2019t that important in terms of importance, the Cather in the Rye focuses more on what Holden thinks and what he believes is a good person. As he says \u201cAll morons hate it when you call them a moron." This shows Psychological novel qualities because it clearly shows what Holden Caulfield is thinking, and demonstrates that there\u2019s internal qualities involved in the description of J.D. Salinger. Another textual example that shows that the Cather in the Rye is a Psychological Novel is \u201cIt was that kind of a crazy afternoon, terrifically cold, and no sun out or anything, and you felt like you were disappearing every time you crossed a road." This example, shows Holden\u2019s internal feelings, and demonstrates that Holden wasn\u2019t a very happy character, due to the tone of his language. This quote, shows us that the story isn\u2019t based on action, but rather it is based what he thinks of the world. As he says \u201c\u2026and you felt like you were disappearing every time you crossed a road.\u201d When Holden thinks, he emphasizes that he is not completely \u201chealthy\u201d and he is suffering from a severe depression. From the beginning of the book, we are given the clue that Holden suffers from depression, but this is only explained through the thoughts of Holden, the actions don\u2019t give an insight on what Holden Caulfield is. Therefore \u201cCatcher in the Rye\u201d is a clear example of a Psychological Novel because the most important element on this story is the thoughts, or in other words the internal qualities of Holden; the actions don\u2019t influence the story as much. In many stories, we can presence the quality of Psychological Novel, but few achieve in making it successful, for the language and the interpretation of the mind is a very difficult thing to attempt, and if done wrongly can be confusing. A psychological novel is a hard thing to do, but if done correctly can be a very good alternative for writing, and the writing can be presented with a much deeper knowledge of the characters, for we know what is happening in their minds.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046519","body":"Thanks Luis,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288042843","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28897433","dateCreated":"1287725663","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"cecyrodriguez","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/cecyrodriguez","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28897433"},"dateDigested":1531973880,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"\"The New Dress\" example of a Psychological short story","description":"Cecilia Rodriguez
\nThe troubled sides of the human mind, its insanity, its distorted perception of what reality is, and its simple struggles over control for the mind; is what a psychological novel looks like. The protagonist has an inner problem they must deal with, like some emotional issue that troubles them from accomplishing their goals. The antagonist can be the protagonist himself, just the poisonous, troubling, insecure inner part of them that prevents them from being happy.
\nIn the short story \u201cThe New Dress\u201d by Virginia Wolf, shows to be a psychological short story, because the main character Mabel has a huge problem with herself; she is very self-conscious. Her insecurities leave her without any control or perception of what\u2019s right. Mabel looks at herself in the mirror and is tormented to not know how she looks; she doesn\u2019t know how to feel. The torment Mabel is lying under, appears to be one that has been actually going on for a really long time.
\n
\n\u201cNo! It was not right. And at once the misery which she always tried to hide, the profound dissatisfaction-the sense she had had, ever since she was a child, of being inferior to other people-set upon her, relentlessly, remorselessly\u2026\u201d (Page 51)
\n
\n
\nMabel is aware that she has been struggling her whole life, she feels inferior to everyone else. But what has she been struggling with? Well, herself. It\u2019s psychological problem Mabel has been overpowered by. It keeps her from being content. It\u2019s almost like an obsession she has developed over the years. What happens around her before and during the party doesn\u2019t really matter; the plot isn\u2019t really all that significant. The short story presents us only with what appears to be important or relevant to Mabel.
\nMabel is so sure now of horrible she looks, that even when another character, Robert Haydon, tells her she looks all right, Mabel decides not to believe it.
\n
\n\u201c\u2019I feel like some dowdy, decrepit, horribly dingy old fly.\u2019 She said, making Robert Haydon stop just to hear her say that, just to reassure herself by furbishing up a poor weak-kneed phrase and so showing how detached she as, how witty, that she did to feel in the least bit of anything\u2026\u2019Lies, lies, lies!\u2019 \u2026 she says through the bottom of Robert Haydon\u2019s heart; she says through everything. She saw the truth.\u201d (Page 53)
\n
\n
\nThis is another mental level Mabel tries to control, because it\u2019s not only her opinion now, but what the others think about her too. Even though she might be right about Robert, she takes it very emotional and hard. The narrator and Mabel\u2019s voice goes back and forth leaves her thoughts interpret the image of the scene. At this point of the story Mabel\u2019s characters mind moves forward, because she comes up with the conclusion she looks terrible and everyone is lying.
\n\u201cThe New Dress\u201d is a short story that presents us with many psychological levels when Mabel\u2019s character has extreme insecurities making her the both the protagonist and the antagonist of this psychological short story.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046475","body":"Thanks,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288042816","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28894989","dateCreated":"1287718285","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"cristinarojas1","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/cristinarojas1","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28894989"},"dateDigested":1531973880,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"psychological novel- A Separate Peace","description":"\u201cA psychological novel, also called psychological realism, is a work of prose fiction which places more than the usual amount of emphasis on interior characterization, and on the motives, circumstances, and internal action which springs from, and develops, external action.\u201d
\n The novel \u201cA Separate Peace\u201d by John Knowles fits into the description of a psychological novel because of the way the author portrays Gene\u2019s internal post-accident issues. This is a book about friendship and how admiration turned into jealousy and spite. Finny, is an athletic daredevil who has a need for adrenaline, while Gene is more intellectual and less daring, but can\u2019t resist being inferior to Finny in a physical manner. Gene feels pressured by Finny\u2019s constant physical dares and even grows to believe that Finny is intentionally trying to interfere with his academic excellence. Fifteen years have passed and Gene returns to Devon, as he walks the halls of his past, he reviews his experiences there, and his friendship with Finny. Gene and Finny\u2019s story begins with a very comfortable Gene, who is unconcerned and unchallenged by life; he finds Finny to be his alter ego and his source of challenge and growth. But at the same time Finny\u2019s freedom and success disturbs Gene\u2019s comfortable routine of study and obedient behavior, causing him to doubt his personal excellence. \u201cListen, pal, if I can\u2019t play sports, you\u2019re going to play them for me,\u201d and I lost part of myself to him then, and a soaring sense of freedom revealed that this must have been my purpose from the first: to become a part of Phineas.\u201d(Chapter 6) Gene is so full of resentment and anguish that he begins to unconsciously diminish the line between Finny and him. The story gets to a point where Gene is so self-doubtful that he begins to believe that his actual \u201cpurpose\u201d in life is to be like Finny. He so desperately wants to be like Finny that he begins to hate him, and actually unconsciously causes an accident that ends up destroying a friendship and taking a life. The novel is mostly told through Gene\u2019s thoughts, there are certain key events in the story like Finny\u2019s accident, but in the most part the actual story that goes on is just as a sequence of monotonous school days. The accident takes place at the begging of the novel, from that point on, the main focus of the story, shifts to Gene\u2019s internal embroilment concerning his role and responsibility in Finny\u2019s accident. These thoughts and emotions turn to be the cause of other events in the story; if Gene wouldn\u2019t have felt this deep exasperation towards Finny, then Finny\u2019s second \u201caccident\u201d wouldn\u2019t have occurred and he would still be alive. \u201cA Separate Peace\u201d coincides with the definition of a psychological novel; it is a story told from Gene\u2019s point of view through which he conveys his thoughts and emotions, the story is also expressed partially by the use of flashbacks and memories that triggered many of his existing emotions and molded him into the person he is at the beginning of the story when he returns to Devon fifteen years after his graduation.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046459","body":"Thanks Christina,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288042795","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28892415","dateCreated":"1287714183","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"marinacoccaro","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/marinacoccaro","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28892415"},"dateDigested":1531973881,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"marina coccaro","description":"A psychological novel is a work that focuses on the mental and emotional lives of its characters. Their inner selves are revealed, and the readers have a deeper inside of what is going on in the character\u2019s mind. It also manages to explore the diverse levels of mental activities in one\u2019s head. In the end, us readers come up with an idea of the character\u2019s personality due to his\/her thoughts, not actions only. A novel I\u2019ve read which represents such a piece of work is The Catcher in the Rye, by JD Salinger. This book tells us the story of a tormented teenager called Holden Caulfield and his opinions about the society he lives in and the world that surrounds him. He is in struggle to find his identity and his purpose on life. This novel is basically based on the thoughts that run through Holden\u2019s mind, not on the plot. As he experiences new things in life, his ideas about it are directly presented to the readers. Everything about Holden is exposed to us through his feelings rather than dialogue or actions. \u201c I'm the most terrific liar you ever saw in your life. It's awful. If I'm on my way to the store to buy a magazine, even, and somebody asks me where I'm going, I'm liable to say I'm going to the opera. It's terrible\u201d. (Chapter 3). Holden is opening himself to us by exposing his thoughts; he is not acting or having a dialogue with someone. \u201cAnyway, I keep picturing all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobody's around - nobody big, I mean - except me. And I'm standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff - I mean if they're running and they don't look where they're going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That's all I do all day. I'd just be the catcher in the rye and all. I know it's crazy, but that's the only thing I'd really like to be,\u201d (Chapter 22). Holden is allowing us to have a greater depth toward his inner self. His personality and character are fully expressed in this quote. There was no need for any type of dialogue or action in order for us to understand its meaning fully. \u201cIf you really want to hear about it, the first thing you'll probably want to know is where I was born and what my lousy childhood was like, and how my parents were occupied and all before they had me, and all that David Copperfield kind of crap, but I don't feel like going into it, if you want to know the truth\u201d chapter 1. JD Salinger wants Holden to establish a friendly relationship with whoever is reading his story. He manages that by writing in an informal way, and using vulgar words often said by younger people. JD Salinger seems to create a strong bond between Holden and us by opening Holden\u2019s minds filled with his fears and thoughts. Knowing what\u2019s going on in someone\u2019s head provides us with a much greater insight about that person than by just observing her actions and listening to her words.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046417","body":"Thanks,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288042757","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28884987","dateCreated":"1287707732","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"alabuda","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/alabuda","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28884987"},"dateDigested":1531973881,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Physiological novel","description":"By the Encyclopedia Britannica a psychological novel is a work of fiction in which the thoughts, feelings, and motivations of the characters are of equal or greater interest than is the external action of the narrative. In a psychological novel the emotional reactions and internal states of the characters are influenced by and in turn trigger external events in a meaningful symbiosis. A good example of this type of novel is \u201cThe Catcher in the Rye\u201d by J.D Salinger. The book tells us a story of a lost 17-years-old boy, Holden, who gets expelled from his school. Before he goes to his parents\u2019 house he decides to spent couple of days in New York. The first-person narrative focuses mostly on Holden\u2019s feelings and his way of thinking rather than on his actions. Here, Holden talks to his old teacher from school. The teacher is concerned about Holden and how he is doing in life,\u201d\u2019Life is a game, boy. Life is a game that one plays according to the rules.\u2019
\n\u2019Yes, sir. I know it is. I know it.\u2019 Game, my ass. Some game. If you get on the side where all the hot-shots are, then it\u2019s a game, all right\u2014I\u2019ll admit that. But if you get on the other side, where there aren\u2019t any hot-shots, then what\u2019s a game about it? Nothing. No game.\u201d (Ch 2). Holden provides us with his personal comment of how he feels about the advice of his teacher. The narrative is not focusing on what Holden is doing, but rather on this thoughts and feelings of this particular matter. We can see this kind of scenario throughout the novel. The plot continues as Holden arrives at the New York hotel and decides to walk around the town. He is thinking of how adults are \u201cphonies\u201d. He criticizes them greatly, stating that they \u201c\u2026always clap for the wrong things,\u201d(Ch 12). This is also considered a personal comment that he adds whenever he disagrees with something. It gives the reader the idea of what Holden\u2019s mind is like. Holden has warm feelings towards all the kids because he deeply believes that they are innocent and are becoming phonies in the future because of the influence of the adults. He gets this wonderful, original and unique idea of how he wants to save them. It is his deepest secret that gets reviled to the readers towards the end of the novel. It gives him the strongest feelings and it is the only thing that he is completely sure of,\u201cAnyway, I keep picturing all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobody's around - nobody big, I mean - except me. And I'm standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff - I mean if they're running and they don't look where they're going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That's all I do all day. I'd just be the catcher in the rye and all. I know it's crazy, but that's the only thing I'd really like to be,\u201d (Chapter 22). The flashbacks that are used in the story give the reader the idea of how Holden is; how his mind works. This helps fully understand this boy. That is the main purpose of the use of the narrative voice in the novel. That is why the \u201cCatcher in the Rye\u201d is a good example of a physiological novel.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046393","body":"Thanks Agnieska,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288042735","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28880685","dateCreated":"1287704202","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"gmurphy3","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/gmurphy3","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28880685"},"dateDigested":1531973881,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Catcher in the Rye","description":" A Psychological Novel is defined by Encyclopedia Britannica as \u201cwork of fiction in which the thoughts, feelings, and motivations of the characters are of equal or greater interest than is the external action of the narrative.\u201d In other words, the novel focuses more on the internal aspects of the main character versus the external aspects. Instead of the story being about what the character does, it is about how the character feels and thinks.
\nA good example of a Psychological Novel is \u201cThe Catcher in the Rye\u201d by J.D. Salinger. The story focuses on Holden Caulfield, a young and troubled boy who is somewhat lost in the world. Holden is extremely negative and cynical about the world around him. He calls everyone a \u201cphony\u201d and doesn\u2019t believe anyone is actually good. Holden is expelled from school again, so he heads home to New York City. The story is about what Holden does in the city before he returns to his parents\u2019 house. Physically, not much happens in the story. \u201cThe Catcher in the Rye\u201d would not make a very good movie because looking at it from the outside, its quite boring and nothing exciting happens. However, the book is not boring at all because it focuses on Holden\u2019s inner struggle with himself. The book does not mention what Holden is doing very often. Holden\u2019s thoughts give the story much more depth. Instead of the plot being about what Holden does, it is about the metal changes he goes through. We get to know Holden by what he tells us about himself.
\n \u201cI'm sort of an atheist. I like Jesus and all, but I don't care too much for most of the other stuff in the Bible. Take the Disciples, for instance. They annoyed the hell out of me, if you want to know the truth. They were all right after Jesus was dead and all, but while He was alive, they were about as much use to Him as a hole in the head. All they did was keep letting Him down.\u201d [Pg 99]
\nWhen Holden says this, we get a good sense of what kind of person he is. He gets very annoyed at people that he thinks are \u201cphony\u201d and tends to have a sarcastic tone of voice. We also see his views on religion. \u201cI'm always saying "Glad to've met you" to somebody I'm not at all glad I met. If you want to stay alive, you have to say that stuff, though.\u201d [Pg 87] From this quote, we can infer that Holden does not always say what he means. So, if we could only see Holden from the outside, we would have a completely different view of him. If we had just seen that he said \u201cglad to have met you\u201d, we would assume that he is a polite young man. However, he goes on to tell us that he says that even when he doesn\u2019t mean it, so we get the full picture and see who Holden is on the inside.
\nSince we can see Holden\u2019s inner thoughts and personal opinions on everything that happens to him, and since Holden is constantly expressing his feelings on his life rather than what is happening to him, \u201cCatcher in the Rye\u201d is the perfect example of a Psychological novel.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046281","body":"Great Grace,
\n
\nThanks,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288042640","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28877757","dateCreated":"1287701986","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"lottej95","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/lottej95","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28877757"},"dateDigested":1531973881,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"lotte jansen wiki question 8","description":"
\nThe term \u2018psychological novel\u2019 is exemplified as a novel that focuses on the complex mental and emotional lives of its characters and explores the various levels of mental activity. The website, ehow.com, explains that psychological novels deal with some disturbed aspect of the human mind, whether insanity or an altered perception of reality or simply some inner struggle with an element of control over the human mind. The emphasis is put on the inner life of the characters and the author gives an insight into the psychological complexity of the characters.
\nI agree with both of these statements and believe that the short story, Young Goodman Brown, clearly categorizes as a psychological novel. \u201cYoung Goodman Brown\u201d by Nathaniel Hawthorne is about a man named Goodman Brown, who struggles with the notion that everyone is somehow connected to the Devil and he is tormented by the corruptive nature of the people that surround him. He does not trust anyone in his village and lives his life in gloom and constant fear of evil. Because of this, the reader can infer that he is mentally unstable and he cannot control his own mind. The story begins with Goodman Brown saying goodbye to his wife, Faith, while he leaves to attend a secret meeting in the forest. Along the way, he sees and hears different people, who are also attending the meeting, and thinks that they are somehow corrupted. Being a devoted Puritan, Goodman Brown believes that the Devil has taken over the minds of the villagers and thinks that he is the only man who will stay true to God. He constantly mentions the people he sees walking around and thinks that they are malevolent. For example, when Goodman Brown comes upon an old woman hobbling through the woods, he recognizes her. He hides behind a tree, and listens intently to the conversation the old woman and another man are having. He hears her revealing that she is a witch and identifies the man as the Devil. Later in the story, Goodman Brown arrives at the meeting, he recognizes a number of people and starts questioning his own faith, as well as the faith of the villagers. In the end, he returns home and concludes that every single person living in the village is corrupted and evil even the most devout Puritan such as the Deacon.
\nThe story does not mention whether the encounter in the forest was a dream or not, but if the event actually occurred, then the reader can infer that Goodman Brown is mentally insane. He is overwhelmed by his belief that everyone is evil, and cannot recognize anybody \u2018pure\u2019 except him. This leads us to the fact that the Puritans in the village are not exactly as pure as they think they are. Many of the people are unfaithful, even Goodman Brown because he sneaks away to see what the secret meeting is all about. Upon his return, Goodman Brown is forever haunted by what he saw and until death he lives his life in fear. Overall, \u201cYoung Goodman Brown\u201d is a good example of a psychological novel because of the ways the author describes the mental images that go though the main character\u2019s head and his mental anguish.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046167","body":"Well-done Lotte,
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\nThanks,
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\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288042513","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"28877409","dateCreated":"1287701627","smartDate":"Oct 21, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"Jenny-37715","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/Jenny-37715","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1282875040\/Jenny-37715-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/28877409"},"dateDigested":1531973882,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Catcher in the Rye- Psicological Novel","description":"A psychological narrative focuses on the thoughts, the feelings, the motivation of the characters which are of equal or greater importance or interest than the events of the story. A great example of psychological narrative is The Catcher in The Rye by J. D. Salinger. The story is about a teenage boy called Holden Caulfield who has a great with society and has many problems of his own. He has been kicked out of school and he moves to New York to drink and to do stuff that he is not supposed to. The novel basically rotates around Holden\u2019s mind and thoughts rather than on his actions or his dialogue. The novel introduces us everything about Holden through his thoughts such as his point views, his ideas, his motivation, and his personality. That is why it is such a good example of a Psychological novel. We see this throughout the entire book for example, when Holden is talking about this girl he likes , he says, \u201cI was half in love with her by the time we sat down. That's the thing about girls. Every time they do something pretty, even if they're not much to look at, or even if they're sort of stupid, you fall half in love with them, and then you never know where the hell you are. Girls. Jesus Christ. They can drive you crazy. They really can.\u201d (Chapter 10) It shows his though process because we see how he jumps from this girl he likes to girl in general and then to their attitudes which are basically what we do when we are thinking about something. It focuses on his mind what he is thinking while he is talking to this girl rather than focusing on what they are saying, what the girl looks like, the dialogue, etc. It demonstrates purely Holden\u2019s mind at this moment. Another place where we see Holden\u2019s thoughts is when Holden thinks, \u201cI hope to hell when I do die somebody has sense enough to just dump me in the river or something. Anything except sticking me in a goddam cemetery. People coming and putting a bunch of flowers on your stomach on Sunday, and all that crap. Who wants flowers when you're dead? Nobody.\u201d (Chapter 20) Again we se the story paying attention to Holden thoughts and we also can perceive his personality because it is very judgmental of everything and we perceive that through his thought not his actions. There is a scene in the book where Holden is describing that he feels very depressed and lonely which causes him to ask a prostitute he had hired to talk to him instead of doing her job. As audience we see his motivations to do what he did through what the author described in his thinking. The book The Catcher in the Rye purely shows us Holden\u2019s mind and through it we are able to see Holden as a character, we are given the story through his mind, and we are being communicated with the character also through his mind. In many scenes Holden seems to talk to us as audience through his thoughts. In this book, the story is written by Holden\u2019s thought and they are what keep he audience interested with such a conflicted and complicated young man.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"29046051","body":"Thanks,
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\nWebster","dateCreated":"1288042374","smartDate":"Oct 25, 2010","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]}],"more":true},"comments":[]},"http":{"code":200,"status":"OK"},"redirectUrl":null,"javascript":null,"notices":{"warning":[],"error":[],"info":[],"success":[]}}