{"content":{"sharePage":{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"33309374","dateCreated":"1296194021","smartDate":"Jan 27, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"cecyrodriguez","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/cecyrodriguez","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/33309374"},"dateDigested":1531973946,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"\"Cousins Under the Skin\"","description":"Cecilia Rodriguez
\n
\nCousins Under the Skin
\n
\n1.As we learn more about our ancestral past, our perception of what the past was, grows and changes.
\n
\n2.They found a finger bone in Denisova Cave, in Siberia, were they managed to take out the entire genome and found out if belongs to the hominids Denisovans.
\n
\n3.After comparing Neanderthal and Denisovian genomes with modern human ones, researchers believe Denisovans originate from Africa, like the Neanderthals.
\n
\n4. They now believe that Denisovans were very successful and wide ranging as Neanderthals, since their DNA has turned up to cover the whole area between Siberia and Papua New Guinea.
\n
\n5.Humans have been overlapping and interbreeding with both Neanderthals and Denisovans, therefore people carry the traces of these cousins in their genes.
\n
\nBig Summary:
\n
\nAs we learn more about our past, we can observe that hominids, like Neanderthals and Denisovans, have left their DNA around huge areas, and therefore leaving the traces these cousins in our genes.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"33334754","body":"Thanks Cecilia,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1296234264","smartDate":"Jan 28, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"33309372","dateCreated":"1296194020","smartDate":"Jan 27, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"cecyrodriguez","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/cecyrodriguez","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/33309372"},"dateDigested":1531973946,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"\"Cousins Under the Skin\"","description":"Cecilia Rodriguez
\n
\nCousins Under the Skin
\n
\n1.As we learn more about our ancestral past, our perception of what the past was, grows and changes.
\n
\n2.They found a finger bone in Denisova Cave, in Siberia, were they managed to take out the entire genome and found out if belongs to the hominids Denisovans.
\n
\n3.After comparing Neanderthal and Denisovian genomes with modern human ones, researchers believe Denisovans originate from Africa, like the Neanderthals.
\n
\n4. They now believe that Denisovans were very successful and wide ranging as Neanderthals, since their DNA has turned up to cover the whole area between Siberia and Papua New Guinea.
\n
\n5.Humans have been overlapping and interbreeding with both Neanderthals and Denisovans, therefore people carry the traces of these cousins in their genes.
\n
\nBig Summary:
\n
\nAs we learn more about our past, we can observe that hominids, like Neanderthals and Denisovans, have left their DNA around huge areas, and therefore leaving the traces these cousins in our genes.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"33309376","body":"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/01\/20\/opinion\/20thu4.html?ref=editorials<\/a>","dateCreated":"1296194042","smartDate":"Jan 27, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"cecyrodriguez","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/cecyrodriguez","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"33306580","dateCreated":"1296186829","smartDate":"Jan 27, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"luisuarez","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/luisuarez","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1302804674\/luisuarez-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/33306580"},"dateDigested":1531973947,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"25 Years of Digital Vandalism","description":"25 years of digital vandalism, by Luis Suarez
\n
\n
\nhttp:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/01\/27\/opinion\/27Gibson.html?_r=2&ref=opinion<\/a>
\n
\n1. In January of 1986, Basit and Amjad Alvi, created an anti-piracy device that started malfunctioning after a year, but they fixed it if you proved you were a legitimate user.
\n2. But as all technologies, this was soon copied and distributed by illegal producers. These people saved files on floppy discs, and then viruses were spread throughout these objects.
\n3. This froze computers around the world, and with the only reason that the illegal could do it, and they wanted to prove that they could reproduce this product.
\n4. The Alvi brothers received calls from angry costumers; this was the story of how actual Trojan horses and viruses were created in computers.
\n5. It seems curious that these were created by civilians, when people expect it to be a military-designed weapon.
\n6. Although it seems that money is involved, actually people only create viruses for vandalism and the simple fact that they want to mock people.
\n7. William Gibson is impressed on how the people get to learn this, even though it is quite unknown and not easily understood by people.
\n8. Although used primarily for \u201cfun\u201d, Gibson realized that in Iran there was an attack to the computers running their nuclear weapons. Stuxnet, the program is a worm that is infecting the computers. Now this has become a \u201ccyberweapon\u201d.
\n9. As more details were known, it is assumed that this program is run by Israel with help of the United States, and probably was run by unpaid labor generations of hobbyist vandals.
\n10. Stuxnet, which is a bug, isn\u2019t very powerful, but neither the Iranian computers. And this as a result will have many problems.
\n11. The hobbyist will likely be admiring the Stuxnet virus, and will be planning ideas on how to improve it
\n12. So if one day something might go awry, and systems start failing, lets know that it is because of the creation of the Alvi brothers.
\n
\nWilliam Gibson, from the New York Times, believes that the creation of viruses is now more just than a hobby, cyber-weapons can be used, and the lives of many could be harmed due to the invention of viruses.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"33334672","body":"Thanks Luis,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1296234207","smartDate":"Jan 28, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"33305570","dateCreated":"1296185114","smartDate":"Jan 27, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"ellagicacid","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/ellagicacid","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1343664898\/ellagicacid-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/33305570"},"dateDigested":1531973947,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"READ ON.","description":"Read On
\nSummary by Ella Nugent
\n
\nhttp:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/01\/26\/opinion\/26wed4.html?partner=rssnyt&emc=rss<\/a>
\n
\n1. Borders (second-largest book chain) is almost bankrupt and book publishers are scared for the book industry's future.
\n
\n2. The music industry lost around 6.6 billion dollars from online piracy and books are much easier to pirate than songs\/movies.
\n
\n3. Regardless, book publishing is surviving through E-books while books slowly transition from paper to electronics.
\n
\n4. Book publishers are avoiding the mistake the recording industry made and are instead spending their precious time promoting ways to download books legally.
\n
\n5. The internet is influencing reader's habits, people now reading shorter texts instead of real books and people now have other ways of entertainment rather than just books.
\n
\n6. Despite the publisher's fears, books have survived this long despite similar obstacles and will continue to live on, whether on paper or screens.
\n
\nBook publishers are nervous for the fate of the book publishing industry, which is being greatly affected by new technology. People now have other ways of being entertained and the reading industry have lost lots of money due to online piracy. Regardless, books have survived this far, despite the growing technology and disractions and books will always stay alive, whether on traditional paper or electronic screens.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"33334622","body":"Thanks Ella,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1296234176","smartDate":"Jan 28, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"33299214","dateCreated":"1296177816","smartDate":"Jan 27, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"marinacoccaro","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/marinacoccaro","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/33299214"},"dateDigested":1531973947,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"women, extremism and two key states","description":"WOMEN, EXTREMISM AND TWO KEY STATES
\n
\nhttp:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2009\/04\/15\/opinion\/15wed1.html?ref=pakistan<\/a>
\n
\n1) President Hami Karzai of Pakistan authorizes marital rape. A video was filmed in the region of the Swat Valley showing a man whipping a woman with no remorse.
\n2) Those actions violate all kinds of human rights and go against the beliefs of many cultures, and that makes it hard for any country to establish peaceful arrangements with Pakistan.
\n3) President Karzai is running for election once again thanks to corruption.
\n4) The new law he is implementing says that all Shiite wives need to provide sex to their husbands unless if ill.
\n5) Mr. Karzai has a great responsibility on his back, which is to rewrite such law in order to be just and fair to all women from all different ethnical groups in his country.
\n6) The lack of dignity of the Pakistani army is shown by the video in which a woman is being whipped since she didn\u2019t want to marry a Taliban soldier.
\n7) The act of President Asif Ali Zardari signing a regulation imposing Islamic laws in the Swat will hardly impose peace or improve the quality of the women\u2019s lives in Pakistan.
\n8) Pakistan\u2019s recently reinstated chief justice, Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry was one of the few to stand up for the flogging case in front of the court which discussed the video. There is hope he will actually defend the mistreated woman.
\n9) Pakistanis are trying to deny the verity of the video and think other countries did that in order to make Pakistan look bad to the world.
\n
\n
\n\u2022 Its not rare to listen issues involving women and physical abuse in Middle East countries such as Pakistan or Irak, and each time more, different nations around the world are starting to notice that. This may make it harder for such countries to establish peaceful relations with Pakistan and so, specially the U.S. due to fighting with the Al Qaeda and Talibans. In order to restore justice, President Karzai (which is running for elections) will need to rewrite the law that says all women need to fulfill the sexual desires of their husband, and turn them into more dignifying and respected citizens.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"33334552","body":"Thanks Marina,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1296234122","smartDate":"Jan 28, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"33298980","dateCreated":"1296177545","smartDate":"Jan 27, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"fabig1","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/fabig1","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/pic\/1229012865\/fabig1-lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/33298980"},"dateDigested":1531973947,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"Accountability","description":"Paragraph summaries:
\n1. There is a case in Manhattan, which involves George W. Bush cruel castigation policies, which might have some sort of liability and connection.
\n2. The main point of the hearing was about a group of tapes that were destroyed by the CIA, which contained violent recordings of interrogations, even using some torturing techniques.
\n3. The tapes were part of a lawsuit of prisoner mistreatment and the Bush administration ordered a special investigation.
\n4. The prosecutor dropped all charges against CIA officers, which further put the unclearness of the case.
\n5. Judge Hellerstein is not sure what to do and how he should react to his orders being ignored.
\n6. The decision of destroying the tape was a serious offense to the court, also the officers in the CIA should be in contempt orders.
\n
\nBig summary:
\nA case about cruel mistreatment of prisoners is under investigation because of a link that was found between tapes of the CIA that were destroyed because of their material of violent interrogations. The judges are not sure what to do and if they should be prosecuted even though the charges were dropped.
\n
\nhttp:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/01\/26\/opinion\/26wed3.html?_r=1&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss<\/a>","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"33334446","body":"Thanks Fabian
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1296234058","smartDate":"Jan 28, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"33294736","dateCreated":"1296172625","smartDate":"Jan 27, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"cristinarojas1","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/cristinarojas1","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/33294736"},"dateDigested":1531973947,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"\"Prison Suicides in New York\"","description":"(1) Since its 2007 lawsuit settlement, New York state prison has improved its mental health services; however, a recent increase in suicide rates suggests there\u2019s room for improvement. (2) This past year ended with the highest suicide rate since 1978, when these rates were first recorded, and brought the total number of suicides to a staggering 125 for the entire decade. (3) Due to the fact that the suicide rates significantly increased even when the inmate population had decreased by 20 percent, the Department of Corrections implemented a number of preventive modifications to its policies, including a mental screening previous to the entrance of new inmates. (4) Some people have gone as far as to question the validity of these prevention programs, arguing that there might be corruption within the administration of these treatments since it would be easy to intentionally misdiagnose an inmate in order to avoid costly long-term treatments. (5) We shouldn\u2019t ignore what goes on behind bars; a jail sentence shouldn\u2019t be equivalent to a death sentence.
\n
\nThe alarming increase in the rate of suicides within the New York state prison has led officials to modify the existing mental illness programs, however, the numbers suggest that the problem is still far from being resolved. Many believe that this is due to the distortion within prison officials and their commitment to the problem. This problem requires immediate attention before more individuals unnecessarily take their own lives.
\n
\nhttp:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/01\/15\/opinion\/15sat3.html?ref=editorials<\/a>","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"33334320","body":"Thanks Christina,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1296233973","smartDate":"Jan 28, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}},{"id":"33337106","body":"Thanks for correcting it Mr. Webster :)","dateCreated":"1296235893","smartDate":"Jan 28, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"cristinarojas1","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/cristinarojas1","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"33283592","dateCreated":"1296160423","smartDate":"Jan 27, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"alabuda","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/alabuda","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/33283592"},"dateDigested":1531973948,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"\"read on\"","description":"Read On
\nhttp:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/01\/26\/opinion\/26wed4.html?_r=1&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss<\/a>
\n
\n1. The book publishers are nervous about their future career because \u201cBoarder\u201d is bankrupting
\n2. Online books are much easier to download for free and the companies are losing money because of this fact
\n3. The printed books are still more popular than their online versions
\n4. Publishers don\u2019t want to make the same mistakes as the recording industry did
\n5. Even though the writers try to create successful books, the readers don\u2019t appreciate it because they are used to shorter texts on the Internet
\n6. Despite the fear of the distracted readers, books are still high on their selling point and have survived many innovations before.
\n
\nThe book publishers are nervous because of the increasing popularity of online books. People are paying more attention to online texts than rather to real novels. However, books are not yet to be forgotten. Printed books are still a big part of the life of the majority and Internet will not harm them.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"33334218","body":"Thanks Agnieska,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1296233893","smartDate":"Jan 28, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"33243226","dateCreated":"1296096797","smartDate":"Jan 26, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"gmurphy3","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/gmurphy3","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/33243226"},"dateDigested":1531973948,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"\"Saner Gun Laws\"","description":"Link: http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/01\/23\/opinion\/23sun1.html?_r=1&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss<\/a>
\n
\n1) Many people are losing faith in the possibility of tighter gun laws in the US, mainly due to the Republican majority in the House.
\n2) However, people should still be fighting against these insufficient laws while we wait for President Obama to carry out his promises.
\n3) Mr. Obama stated that he wants to put an end to these lax laws, however he still has not put his words into action and America really needs him to, especially after the recent Tuscon shootings.
\n4) Even Dick Cheney, a former gun rights supporter, agrees that \u201cbig volume ammunition\u201d should be banned, considering these weapons have been used in many mass shootings over the years.
\n5) The National Rifle Association will likely defend the right to own such weapons and argue that Americans need them for self defense, when average people will never actually need a gun that shoots 30 consecutive bullets without reloading.
\n6) Another item on this gun agenda is to increase background checks, making it harder for mentally unstable people, like the Tuscon shooter, to get a hold of these weapons.
\n7) Senator Richard Lugar of Indiana, a republican, has recently stated that he too wants assault weapons banned.
\n8 ) Senator Tom Coburn, an Oklahoman republican, is known for opposing the ban on these weapons, however he recently said that he wants new laws to \u201cmake sure people who are mentally ill cannot get and use a gun.\u201d
\n9) Another problem that should be addressed is that many states' background check procedures rarely show mental instability, drug abuse, or addiction, which is important to know when selling someone a gun.
\n10) When asked what the President plans to do about all these issues surrounding gun laws, Mr. Obama\u2019s press secretary simply stated that \u201cthe important healing process\u201d is one of the president\u2019s main duties right now, however so is making sure the people of America are safe.
\n
\n
\nLittle is being done about lax laws in the US regarding gun sales. The recent shooting is Tucson proves that assault weapons shouldn\u2019t be sold, especially to mentally unstable people. Many republicans who used to be against banning weapons now realize they should be illegal for the safety of America. Changing the gun laws should be at the top of Mr. Obama\u2019s to-do list.","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"33274088","body":"Thanks Grace...
\n
\nTwo things (small things, but...)
\n
\n1) Generally 'self-defense' is hyphenated (-).
\n
\n2) Political parties are generally capitalized (i.e., Republican).
\n
\nThanks,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1296152093","smartDate":"Jan 27, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]},{"id":"33241190","dateCreated":"1296094573","smartDate":"Jan 26, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"Josermq","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/Josermq","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"},"monitored":false,"locked":false,"links":{"self":"https:\/\/davidgarethw-books-b.wikispaces.com\/share\/view\/33241190"},"dateDigested":1531973948,"startDate":null,"sharedType":"discussion","title":"\"State of the Union\"","description":"Long Summary:
\n
\n(1) Unemployment is one of the largest problems currently present in the US. (2) Very few \u201cserious\u201d solutions have been implemented. (3) In his State of the Union speech, President Obama has the chance to express the importance of his government to the American people. (4) President Obama responded to the republicans and their views by pointing out the ineffectiveness of their solutions. (5) He now has the chance to further explain the areas that should be invested. (6) These plans are quite expensive, but they can be very effective in the long run. (7) There should be less investment on \u201cyesterday\u2019s\u201d energies and more on \u201ctomorrow\u2019s.\u201d (8) President Obama claims that his plans will save the US, billions of dollars; and at the same time, are more coherent than the republican\u2019s proposed plans. (9) Although questioned by some, President Obama affirms that these plans are essential in order for the long-term solutions to be effective. (10) The wealthy must be the ones to be taxed first, before any other institutions are taxed. (11) If the wealthy are not taxed, then there won\u2019t be any capital to pay for investments, or reduce the deficit. (12) Republicans claim that \u201cdomestic\u201d investments should be lowered. (13) Mr. Obama is assured that the US will \u201cmove forward\u201d with \u201cconfidence\u201d and \u201cresponsibility.\u201d
\n
\nShort Summary:
\n
\nIn his State of the Union speech, President Obama states what he believes, are the most coherent solutions if the US is to lower unemployment and its overall deficit. He makes the claim that his current plans are essential in order for long-term solutions to be effective. Viable areas of investment are also included among the topics issued in his speech. Investment should be made in specific areas, and must be done wisely. Mr. Obama believes that the US will \u201cmove forward\u201d with \u201cconfidence and \u201cresponsibility.\u201d
\n
\n
\nLink: http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/01\/26\/opinion\/26wed1.html?partner=rssnyt&emc=rss<\/a>","replyPages":[{"page":0,"digests":[{"id":"33273688","body":"Well done Jose,
\n
\nThanks,
\n
\nWebster","dateCreated":"1296151706","smartDate":"Jan 27, 2011","userCreated":{"username":"davidgarethw","url":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/user\/view\/davidgarethw","imageUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikispaces.com\/i\/user_none_lg.jpg"}}],"more":0}]}],"more":true},"comments":[]},"http":{"code":200,"status":"OK"},"redirectUrl":null,"javascript":null,"notices":{"warning":[],"error":[],"info":[],"success":[]}}